Bose-Einstein condensation of a finite number of particles trapped in one or three dimensions.
نویسندگان
چکیده
Bose-Einstein condensation ~BEC! of an ideal gas is investigated for a finite number of particles. In three dimensions, we find a transition temperature which is lower than in the thermodynamic limit. Lowering the dimension increases the transition temperature and is therefore favorable for BEC. This is in contrast to the standard result obtained in the thermodynamic limit which states that BEC is not possible in, e.g., a onedimensional ~1D! harmonic potential. As a result, 1D atom traps, such as radially tightly confining magnetic traps or optical dipole traps, are promising for studying BEC. @S1050-2947~96!06807-2#
منابع مشابه
Calculation of thermodynamic properties of finite Bose-Einstein systems
We derive an exact recursion formula for the calculation of thermodynamic functions of finite systems obeying Bose-Einstein statistics. The formula is applicable for canonical systems where the particles can be treated as noninteracting in some approximation, e.g. like Bose-Einstein condensates in magnetic traps. The numerical effort of our computation scheme grows only linear with the number o...
متن کاملFluctuations of Bose-Einstein Condensate
The recent achievement of Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) in trapped atoms of dilute gases [1–3] has been quickly followed by the quantitative measurements of the condensate’s properties. In particular the dependence of the fraction of atoms in the condensate on the temperature has been found to be in agreement with the theory of the noninteracting Bose gas in a harmonic trap [4]. From the poi...
متن کاملBose-Einstein condensation of finite number of confined particles
The partition function and specific heat of a system consisting of a finite number of bosons confined in an external potential are calculated in different spatial dimensions. Using the grand partition function as the generating function of the partition function, an iterative scheme is established for the calculation of the partition function of system with an arbitrary number of particles. The...
متن کاملJa n 20 05 Superfluid to Mott insulator transition in one , two , and three dimensions
We have created one-, two-, and three-dimensional quantum gases and study the superfluid to Mott insulator transition. Measurements of the transition using Bragg spectroscopy show that the excitation spectra of the low-dimensional superfluids differ significantly from the three-dimensional case. A low dimensional gas can be created in a trap when the confining potential restricts the motion of ...
متن کاملM ar 2 00 5 Superfluid to Mott insulator transition in one , two , and three dimensions
We have created one-, two-, and three-dimensional quantum gases and study the superfluid to Mott insulator transition. Measurements of the transition using Bragg spectroscopy show that the excitation spectra of the low-dimensional superfluids differ significantly from the three-dimensional case. A low dimensional gas can be created in a trap when the confining potential restricts the motion of ...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
عنوان ژورنال:
- Physical review. A, Atomic, molecular, and optical physics
دوره 54 1 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 1996